{"id":9726,"date":"2023-06-28T09:02:11","date_gmt":"2023-06-28T07:02:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/?p=9726"},"modified":"2023-06-28T09:02:11","modified_gmt":"2023-06-28T07:02:11","slug":"strucna-historie-cukrarstvi-jak-se-vyvijely-sladkosti-v-prubehu-stoleti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/strucna-historie-cukrarstvi-jak-se-vyvijely-sladkosti-v-prubehu-stoleti\/","title":{"rendered":"Stru\u010dn\u00e1 historie cukr\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Jak se sladkosti vyv\u00edjely v pr\u016fb\u011bhu stalet\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sladk\u00e9 pochoutky jsou pro mnoh\u00e9 z n\u00e1s nezbytn\u00fdm prvkem j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku a \u017eivot bez nich bychom si jen t\u011b\u017eko dok\u00e1zali p\u0159edstavit. Podobn\u011b uva\u017eovali i na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 p\u0159ed tis\u00edci lety, cukrovinky a cukr\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky se sice tehdy je\u0161t\u011b nevyr\u00e1b\u011bly, ale sladk\u00e1 chu\u0165 medu, ovoce, b\u0159ezov\u00e9 nebo javorov\u00e9 m\u00edzy u\u017e byla zn\u00e1m\u00e1. Seznamte se s histori\u00ed cukr\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a prvn\u00edmi sladkostmi na sv\u011bt\u011b!<\/span><\/p>\n

Od medu po cukr<\/b><\/h2>\n

Med byl b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm sladidlem ji\u017e od prav\u011bku. Jeho chu\u0165 si u\u017e\u00edvali sta\u0159\u00ed Egyp\u0165an\u00e9 a \u0158ekov\u00e9. V\u00e1leli do n\u011bj ovoce, o\u0159echy, stonky rostlin nebo je va\u0159ili v medu \u2013 a tak vznikly origin\u00e1ln\u00ed bonb\u00f3ny! V t\u00e9 dob\u011b u\u017e byly chlebov\u00e9 pece a postupem \u010dasu se do zad\u011blan\u00e9ho t\u011bsta za\u010dal p\u0159id\u00e1vat med, \u010dili se vyr\u00e1b\u011bly prvn\u00ed cukrovinky!<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Pokud v\u0161ak jde o cukr, ten se poprv\u00e9 objevil v Indii, kde se cukrov\u00e1 t\u0159tina p\u011bstovala. Do Evropy se dostala v 5. stolet\u00ed p\u0159. n. l. \u0158ekov\u00e9 ji naz\u00fdvali \u201eb\u00edl\u00e1 s\u016fl\u201c \u2013 na rozd\u00edl od mo\u0159sk\u00e9 soli, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla tehdy \u0161edou barvu. Byli to ale Arabov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed byli mistry v rafinaci cukru a jeho vyu\u017eit\u00ed k v\u00fdrob\u011b sladk\u00fdch produkt\u016f. Vynalezli karamel a marcip\u00e1n. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b byl ale cukr je\u0161t\u011b luxusn\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed a byl dokonce pova\u017eov\u00e1n za l\u00e9k. Bylo vyrobeno z tablety na tr\u00e1ven\u00ed, s p\u0159\u00eddavkem zrnek an\u00fdzu, jalovce, h\u0159eb\u00ed\u010dku nebo z\u00e1zvoru.<\/span><\/p>\n

Oplatk\u00e1\u0159i a cukr\u00e1\u0159i<\/b><\/h2>\n

Kdo byli prvn\u00ed cukr\u00e1\u0159i? Ve starov\u011bk\u00e9m \u0158ecku se vyr\u00e1b\u011bly speci\u00e1ln\u00ed svatebn\u00ed kol\u00e1\u010dky zvan\u00e9 oplatky, kter\u00e9 se pekly mezi dv\u011bma rozp\u00e1len\u00fdmi \u017eehli\u010dkami. Proto se prvn\u00ed cukr\u00e1\u0159i naz\u00fdvali oplatkowcy. Dnes se touto metodou vyr\u00e1b\u00ed t\u011bsto na vafle. Po n\u011bjak\u00e9 dob\u011b se k pe\u010den\u00ed za\u010dalo pou\u017e\u00edvat m\u00e1slo a kvasnice, kter\u00e9 se z\u00edsk\u00e1valy z kal\u016f p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b piva nebo v\u00edna. A tak cukr\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed dostalo nov\u00fd form\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

Skute\u010dn\u00fd rozkv\u011bt cukr\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed v\u0161ak nastal v It\u00e1lii. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tam ve m\u011bst\u011b Salerno v 11. stolet\u00ed zalo\u017eili Arabov\u00e9 prvn\u00ed cukr\u00e1\u0159skou \u0161kolu. U\u010dili se tam z\u00edsk\u00e1vat cukr z cukrov\u00e9 t\u0159tiny, p\u0159ipravovat zava\u0159eniny, \u0161\u0165\u00e1vy a l\u00e9ky. Postupn\u011b se hlavn\u00edmi centry cukr\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed stala m\u011bsta severn\u00ed It\u00e1lie, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm Ben\u00e1tky a Janov. Byli to ben\u00e1t\u0161t\u00ed mist\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed pro p\u0159\u00edjezd princezny Beatrice v roce 1492 p\u0159ipravili p\u0159es 300 pokrm\u016f a ozdob z pozlacen\u00e9ho cukru.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kakaovn\u00edky a cukrovary - dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze v\u00fdvoje<\/b><\/h2>\n

Zavle\u010den\u00ed kakaa z Ameriky do Evropy v 16. stolet\u00ed m\u011blo velmi v\u00fdznamn\u00fd vliv na rozvoj cukrovinek a v\u00fdroby cukrovinek. M\u00edstn\u00ed lid\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvali drcen\u00e9 kakaov\u00e9 boby k p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b ritu\u00e1ln\u00edch n\u00e1poj\u016f. Evropan\u00e9 je ale m\u00edchali s ml\u00e9kem a tak vznikl \u010dokol\u00e1dov\u00fd n\u00e1poj a v 19. stolet\u00ed prvn\u00ed \u010dokol\u00e1dov\u00e1 ty\u010dinka.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A kdy p\u0159estal b\u00fdt cukr luxusn\u00edm zbo\u017e\u00edm a mohl se pou\u017e\u00edvat ve velk\u00e9m? \u2013 Co\u017e prosp\u011blo i cukr\u00e1\u0159\u016fm. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku se tento produkt z\u00edsk\u00e1val pouze z cukrov\u00e9 t\u0159tiny, kter\u00e1 se do Evropy dov\u00e1\u017eela z Asie a Ameriky. V 16. stolet\u00ed byl v N\u011bmecku zalo\u017een prvn\u00ed cukrovar. Toto zbo\u017e\u00ed v\u0161ak bylo st\u00e1le velmi drah\u00e9. A\u017e v 19. stolet\u00ed se za\u010dal vyr\u00e1b\u011bt cukr z cukrov\u00e9 \u0159epy \u2013 p\u011bstovala se v Evrop\u011b a d\u00edky tomu se v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eily n\u00e1klady. Od tohoto okam\u017eiku p\u0159estal b\u00fdt cukr zbo\u017e\u00edm pro bohat\u00e9 a cukr\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky mohly b\u00fdt nab\u00edzeny \u0161ir\u0161\u00edmu okruhu z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f. V t\u00e9 rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed dob\u011b vznikly v Polsku tov\u00e1rny slavn\u00fdch cukr\u00e1\u0159\u016f jako Wedel a Blikle.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dne\u0161n\u00ed sv\u011bt sladkost\u00ed<\/b><\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd snadn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup ke sladkostem a sladk\u00e9mu pe\u010divu. M\u00e1me \u0161irok\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br velmi odli\u0161n\u00fdch produkt\u016f a trik je v tom, abyste si pro sebe vybrali tu spr\u00e1vnou. A mnoz\u00ed z n\u00e1s cht\u011bj\u00ed j\u00edst zdrav\u011b a udr\u017eet si \u0161t\u00edhlou linii. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdrobci sladkost\u00ed a cukrovinek proto v reakci na pot\u0159eby z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f nahrazuj\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00fd cukr zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm xylitolem, datlov\u00fdm sirupem nebo mixem mlet\u00e9ho sladk\u00e9ho ovoce. A tak vznikaj\u00ed uk\u00e1zkov\u00e9 dietn\u00ed ty\u010dinky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 v samotn\u00e9m cukr\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu se st\u00e1le v\u00edce prosazuje trend pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pouze p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch surovin, kup\u0159. skute\u010dn\u00e1 vejce, zava\u0159eniny, \u010dokol\u00e1da, m\u00edsto um\u011bl\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsad nebo konzervant\u016f. D\u00edky t\u00e9to tradi\u010dn\u00ed receptu\u0159e si dorty zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed svou jedine\u010dnou, dom\u00e1c\u00ed chu\u0165 a v\u016fni \u2013 jsou \u201ejako d\u0159\u00edv\u201c. A pr\u00e1v\u011b takov\u00e9 pe\u010divo, p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 podle rodinn\u00fdch recept\u016f, nab\u00edz\u00ed ten n\u00e1\u0161 => <\/strong><\/span><\/span>Cukr\u00e1rna Jacka Placeka<\/a>.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dla wielu z nas s\u0142odkie przysmaki s\u0105 niezb\u0119dnym elementem w jad\u0142ospisie i trudno by\u0142oby nam wyobrazi\u0107 sobie \u017cycie bez nich. Podobnie my\u015bleli nasi przodkowie tysi\u0105ce lat temu, cho\u0107 wtedy nie produkowano jeszcze s\u0142odyczy i wyrob\u00f3w cukierniczych, jednak znano ju\u017c s\u0142odki smak miodu, owoc\u00f3w, soku brzozowego czy klonowego. Poznajcie histori\u0119 cukiernictwa i pierwszych s\u0142odyczy na \u015bwiecie! […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":129,"featured_media":9591,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9726","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualnosci","entry","has-media","owp-thumbs-layout-horizontal","owp-btn-normal","owp-tabs-layout-horizontal","has-no-thumbnails","has-product-nav"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9726","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/129"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9726"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9726\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9591"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9726"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9726"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9726"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}