{"id":12661,"date":"2024-03-28T16:10:17","date_gmt":"2024-03-28T15:10:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/?p=12661"},"modified":"2024-03-28T16:10:17","modified_gmt":"2024-03-28T15:10:17","slug":"co-znamena-velikonocni-velikonocni-prani-od-jaceka-placeka","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/co-znamena-velikonocni-velikonocni-prani-od-jaceka-placeka\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00fd je v\u00fdznam Velikonoc? Velikono\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed od Jacka Placeka"},"content":{"rendered":"

Velikonoce jsou pro k\u0159es\u0165any nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm sv\u00e1tkem, kter\u00fd se slav\u00ed na pam\u00e1tku vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista. Je to \u010das radostn\u00e9ho slaven\u00ed a poj\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed velikono\u010dn\u00edch dobrot - navazuj\u00edc\u00ed na obdob\u00ed postn\u00edch ob\u011bt\u00ed a zti\u0161en\u00ed. Na druhou stranu jsou Velikonoce tak\u00e9 oslavou p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edho jara a probouzen\u00ed \u017eivota, co\u017e se p\u011bstovalo i v pohansk\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch. Jak\u00fd je tedy v\u00fdznam a p\u016fvod Velikonoc? Odpov\u011bdi na tyto ot\u00e1zky najdete v na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdznam slova Velikonoce<\/b><\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Samotn\u00fd n\u00e1zev \u201eVelikonoce\u201c v pol\u0161tin\u011b nazna\u010duje hlubok\u00fd v\u00fdznam tohoto sv\u00e1tku. V n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9m rozm\u011bru to znamen\u00e1 v\u00fdznamnou ud\u00e1lost vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista, kter\u00e1 se odehr\u00e1la v noci. V jin\u00fdch slovansk\u00fdch jazyc\u00edch m\u016f\u017eete tak\u00e9 naj\u00edt term\u00edny: Velk\u00fd den nebo Vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed stejn\u00fd v\u00fdznam.<\/span><\/p>\n

V jazyc\u00edch germ\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu jsou v\u0161ak n\u00e1zvy Velikonoc zn\u00e1m\u00e9, nap\u0159\u00edklad v angli\u010dtin\u011b <\/span>velikono\u010dn\u00ed<\/span><\/i>,<\/span> a v n\u011bm\u010din\u011b <\/span>Oster<\/span><\/i>, odkazuj\u00ed na pohansk\u00e9 oslavy v\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed jara a nov\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Tato slova poch\u00e1zej\u00ed ze jm\u00e9na Ostara (nebo Eostre), keltsk\u00e9 a starogerm\u00e1nsk\u00e9 bohyn\u011b jara, znovuzrozen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody a plodnosti. S touto postavou byl spojen zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed sv\u00e1tek, slaven\u00fd b\u011bhem jarn\u00ed rovnodennosti, kdy sv\u011btlo (den) symbolicky v\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed nad tmou (noc\u00ed). Prvn\u00ed jarn\u00ed den byl proto za\u010d\u00e1tkem obdob\u00ed radosti, znovuzrozen\u00ed \u017eivota a rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pro\u010d jsou Velikonoce pohybliv\u00fdm sv\u00e1tkem?<\/b><\/h2>\n

Datum Velikonoc se ka\u017ed\u00fd rok m\u011bn\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na f\u00e1z\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edce. Od Nicejsk\u00e9ho koncilu v roce 325 jej slav\u00edme v\u017edy prvn\u00ed ned\u011bli po prvn\u00edm jarn\u00edm \u00fapl\u0148ku, tedy mezi 21. b\u0159eznem a 25. dubnem. Proto tak\u00e9 datum Velikonoc \u00fazce souvis\u00ed se za\u010d\u00e1tkem astrologick\u00e9ho jara, stejn\u011b jako v tradici pohansk\u00fdch kult\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Za zm\u00ednku tak\u00e9 stoj\u00ed, \u017ee p\u016fvodn\u011b k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 slavili Velikonoce ve stejn\u00fd den jako \u017eidovsk\u00fd sv\u00e1tek Pesach, p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed exodus \u017did\u016f z Egypta po obdob\u00ed zajet\u00ed. Proto se v n\u011bkter\u00fdch jazyc\u00edch n\u00e1zev Velikonoc vztahuje p\u0159\u00edmo ke slovu Pascha - zejm\u00e9na v rom\u00e1n\u0161tin\u011b, nap\u0159. <\/span>Pascua <\/span><\/i>ve \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tin\u011b pop\u0159 <\/span>Pasqua <\/span><\/i>v ital\u0161tin\u011b.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Velikono\u010dn\u00ed symboly<\/b><\/h2>\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee se starov\u011bk\u00fdmi pohansk\u00fdmi kulty je spojeno nejen datum slaven\u00ed Velikonoc, ale tak\u00e9 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ve\u0161ker\u00e1 symbolika, kter\u00e1 jim byla p\u0159i\u0159azena. Po\u010d\u00ednaje vaj\u00ed\u010dkem, kter\u00e9 je v\u011b\u010dn\u00fdm znamen\u00edm nov\u00e9ho \u017eivota, stejn\u011b jako ku\u0159e. Zaj\u00ed\u010dek je naproti tomu prastar\u00fdm symbolem plodnosti, l\u00e1sky a rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e je tak\u00e9 atributem zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 bohyn\u011b Ostary. Pouze velikono\u010dn\u00ed ber\u00e1nek odkazuje p\u0159\u00edmo na zmrtv\u00fdchvst\u00e1n\u00ed Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista, i kdy\u017e zde najdeme i souvislosti s ob\u011btn\u00edmi ber\u00e1nky, kter\u00e9 byly ob\u011btov\u00e1ny pohansk\u00fdm boh\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Proto se ukazuje, \u017ee starov\u011bk\u00e9 pohansk\u00e9 zvyky a symboly se hluboce zako\u0159enily v k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 kultu\u0159e a jsou praktikov\u00e1ny dodnes. Pro\u010d se to stalo? Kdy\u017e se nov\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed za\u010dalo \u0161\u00ed\u0159it po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, c\u00edrkev st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed ritu\u00e1ly nezak\u00e1zala, ale dala jim nov\u00fd v\u00fdznam, co\u017e v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edm usnadnilo jejich p\u0159ijet\u00ed. Velikonoce byly spojeny s oslavou lou\u010den\u00ed se zimou a v\u00edt\u00e1n\u00edm jara, tedy nov\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Konec zimy a p\u0159\u00edchod jara byly pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed \u017eivota a sv\u011btla nad smrt\u00ed, temnotou a h\u0159\u00edchem prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm spasen\u00ed Vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9ho Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015amigus-dyngus, neboli de\u0161tiv\u00e9 pond\u011bl\u00ed<\/b><\/h2>\n

Zvyk pol\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed vodou na Velikono\u010dn\u00ed pond\u011bl\u00ed jsme p\u0159evzali tak\u00e9 od na\u0161ich pohansk\u00fdch p\u0159edk\u016f. Tento ritu\u00e1l byl spojen s probouzen\u00edm p\u0159\u00edrody a jej\u00ed obnoviteln\u00e9 kapacity pro vegetaci.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015amigus-dyngus v\u0161ak byly zpo\u010d\u00e1tku dva samostatn\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 zvyky. \u015amigus symbolicky znamenal bit\u00ed se do nohou vrbov\u00fdmi proutky a pol\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed vodou. Jej\u00edm \u00fa\u010delem bylo o\u010distit se na ja\u0159e od \u0161p\u00edny a r\u016fzn\u00fdch neduh\u016f a pot\u00e9 i od h\u0159\u00edchu. Dyngus, ve slovansk\u00fdch jazyc\u00edch, byl naz\u00fdv\u00e1n "w\u0142\u00f3czebny" a zahrnoval n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu rodiny a soused\u016f. P\u0159i t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti bylo v\u017edy organizov\u00e1no ob\u010derstven\u00ed a dalo se po\u010d\u00edtat i s n\u011bjak\u00fdmi dary na cestu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Velikono\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed<\/b><\/h2>\n

O nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch velikono\u010dn\u00edch sv\u00e1tc\u00edch V\u00e1m cel\u00fd t\u00fdm na\u0161\u00ed cukr\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 firmy p\u0159eje zdrav\u00ed, dobrou n\u00e1ladu, teplo domova a po\u017eitek z v\u00fdborn\u00fdch velikono\u010dn\u00edch j\u00eddel a kol\u00e1\u010d\u016f!\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Wielkanoc to najwa\u017cniejsze \u015bwi\u0119to dla chrze\u015bcijan obchodzone na pami\u0105tk\u0119 zmartwychwstania Jezusa Chrystusa. To czas radosnego \u015bwi\u0119towania i objadania si\u0119 wielkanocnymi przysmakami \u2013 nast\u0119puj\u0105cym po okresie wielkopostnych wyrzecze\u0144 i wyciszenia. Z drugiej strony Wielkanoc jest te\u017c celebracj\u0105 przychodz\u0105cej wiosny i budz\u0105cego si\u0119 na nowo \u017cycia, co by\u0142o kultywowane r\u00f3wnie\u017c w czasach poga\u0144skich. Jakie jest zatem znaczenie […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":129,"featured_media":12312,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12661","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualnosci","entry","has-media","owp-thumbs-layout-horizontal","owp-btn-normal","owp-tabs-layout-horizontal","has-no-thumbnails","has-product-nav"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12661","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/129"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12661"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12661\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12312"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12661"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12661"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jacekplacek.com.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12661"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}